An ultrasound scan, also known as sonography, is the second most popular image diagnostic test after X-ray. It uses high-frequency sound waves to capture detailed images of body parts and structures, such as tissues, blood vessels, and organs.

The ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic test that works on the principles of sonar, the same technology used by navies to detect planes, ships, and submarines.

Ultrasound imaging enables a doctor to locate and identify medical issues, and as the procedure is devoid of radiation, it’s deemed safe. Due to this, ultrasound is also the preferred image diagnostic test conducted during pregnancy and to monitor fetal development.

The ultrasound scan is actively used in the detection of several ailments related to the heart, liver,  kidney, and abdomen, while also aiding in biopsies and surgeries.

Similar to sonar, the ultrasound sends sound waves to the target area of the body, e.g. gallstones. If there are no stones, the sound waves will travel clean through the gallbladder, denoting a clean organ.

However, in case there are stones present, the waves will bounce off of the stones, thus generating a dense image. 

The following are some of the most commonly recommended ultrasound tests:

• Abdominal ultrasound
• Breast Ultrasound
• General ultrasound
• Musculoskeletal ultrasound
• Prostate ultrasound
• Thyroid ultrasound